Sepsis outbreak at L.A. County dialysis center prompts public health investigation

Public release date: 5-Jun-2012
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Contact: Liz Garman
egarman@apic.org
202-454-2604
Association for Professionals in Infection Control

Improper disinfection of reusable medical device identified as cause

San Antonio, Texas, June 5, 2012 Three patients with chronic kidney failure treated at a dialysis center in Los Angeles County, California contracted a bacterial infection in the blood (sepsis) caused by improper cleaning and disinfection of a reusable medical device called a dialyzer an artificial kidney.

Described in a poster presented at the 39th Annual Educational Conference and International Meeting of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), the County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health, conducted an investigation led by public health nurse L'Tanya English, RN, MPH, who found that the bacteria infecting the three patients were genetically linked. These patients were infected with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia), a rare type of gram-negative bacteria.

Two of these patients were also positive for Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis), a fungus that can cause sepsis in immune-compromised patients. One of these patients was positive for C. parapsilosis in the dialyzer only, and one patient was positive for Candida in the blood and in the dialyzer, which was genetically traced back to the same fungus in a faucet in the reprocessing room, where the dialyzers are disinfected and sanitized. The infections were reported to the health department in August 2011.

Two patients developed fevers and were hospitalized. One patient was assessed and treated as an outpatient; all patients later recovered.

The County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health became aware of the situation when a hospital in southern California reported an outbreak of sepsis tied to one dialysis center. During the course of their investigation, they discovered that all of the cases used the same type of dialyzer with a removable component an O-ring header. These three patients were the only ones in the facility to use this type of dialyzer. In response to this outbreak, the facility decided to discontinue use of multi-use dialyzers with O-ring headers.

"Hemodialysis technology is life-saving, but carries a high risk of infection, regardless of the type of dialyzer used," said English. "Dialysis centers must work to reduce the risk of infection for their patients by ensuring proper cleaning and disinfection procedures are being followed throughout the facility. If multi-use dialyzers with removable headers and O-rings are used, processes to ensure proper disinfection must be in place."

The County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health is working with state and federal partners to conduct outreach to dialysis centers to decrease dialysis-associated infections and will discuss lessons learned from the investigation at the APIC Annual Conference.

"Contaminated O-rings have been previously implicated in dialysis-associated infection outbreaks. This report underscores the need for adequate infection prevention training in dialysis settings, as well as the critical partnership between public health departments and infection preventionists in hospitals and outpatient settings," said Michelle Farber, RN, CIC, APIC 2012 president. "Collaboration with public health is essential to pinpoint the cause of infection outbreaks and improve infection prevention practices across all healthcare settings."

Hemodialysis is a life-saving procedure that uses an artificial kidney, or dialyzer, to remove waste from the blood when the kidneys no longer work. It is most often the treatment for end-stage renal disease. Following cardiovascular disease, infection is the second highest cause of death for hemodialysis patients.

The most recent draft of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' National Action Plan to Prevent Healthcare-associated Infections: Roadmap to Elimination includes a revised chapter on efforts to prevent and reduce healthcare-associated infections in end-stage renal disease patients.

In an effort to establish best practices for protecting patients undergoing hemodialysis, APIC published a Guide to the Elimination of Infections in Hemodialysis and has an archived webinar on dialysis event surveillance and reporting.

###

The APIC 2012 Annual Conference, June 4-6 in San Antonio, is the most comprehensive infection prevention conference in the world, featuring more than 100 educational sessions and workshops led by top health experts. The conference is designed to help attendees translate the latest science into practical strategies for the reduction of healthcare-associated infections. The Twitter hashtag #APIC2012 is being used for the meeting.

Poster Presentation #9-136 Outbreak investigation at a dialysis center associated with a multi-use dialyzer with removable headers and O-rings, Los Angeles County.

About APIC

APIC's mission is to create a safer world through prevention of infection. The association's more than 14,000 members direct infection prevention programs that save lives and improve the bottom line for hospitals and other healthcare facilities. APIC advances its mission through patient safety, implementation science, competencies and certification, advocacy, and data standardization. Follow APIC on Twitter: http://twitter.com/apic.

---

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 5-Jun-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Liz Garman
egarman@apic.org
202-454-2604
Association for Professionals in Infection Control

Improper disinfection of reusable medical device identified as cause

San Antonio, Texas, June 5, 2012 Three patients with chronic kidney failure treated at a dialysis center in Los Angeles County, California contracted a bacterial infection in the blood (sepsis) caused by improper cleaning and disinfection of a reusable medical device called a dialyzer an artificial kidney.

Described in a poster presented at the 39th Annual Educational Conference and International Meeting of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), the County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health, conducted an investigation led by public health nurse L'Tanya English, RN, MPH, who found that the bacteria infecting the three patients were genetically linked. These patients were infected with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia), a rare type of gram-negative bacteria.

Two of these patients were also positive for Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis), a fungus that can cause sepsis in immune-compromised patients. One of these patients was positive for C. parapsilosis in the dialyzer only, and one patient was positive for Candida in the blood and in the dialyzer, which was genetically traced back to the same fungus in a faucet in the reprocessing room, where the dialyzers are disinfected and sanitized. The infections were reported to the health department in August 2011.

Two patients developed fevers and were hospitalized. One patient was assessed and treated as an outpatient; all patients later recovered.

The County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health became aware of the situation when a hospital in southern California reported an outbreak of sepsis tied to one dialysis center. During the course of their investigation, they discovered that all of the cases used the same type of dialyzer with a removable component an O-ring header. These three patients were the only ones in the facility to use this type of dialyzer. In response to this outbreak, the facility decided to discontinue use of multi-use dialyzers with O-ring headers.

"Hemodialysis technology is life-saving, but carries a high risk of infection, regardless of the type of dialyzer used," said English. "Dialysis centers must work to reduce the risk of infection for their patients by ensuring proper cleaning and disinfection procedures are being followed throughout the facility. If multi-use dialyzers with removable headers and O-rings are used, processes to ensure proper disinfection must be in place."

The County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health is working with state and federal partners to conduct outreach to dialysis centers to decrease dialysis-associated infections and will discuss lessons learned from the investigation at the APIC Annual Conference.

"Contaminated O-rings have been previously implicated in dialysis-associated infection outbreaks. This report underscores the need for adequate infection prevention training in dialysis settings, as well as the critical partnership between public health departments and infection preventionists in hospitals and outpatient settings," said Michelle Farber, RN, CIC, APIC 2012 president. "Collaboration with public health is essential to pinpoint the cause of infection outbreaks and improve infection prevention practices across all healthcare settings."

Hemodialysis is a life-saving procedure that uses an artificial kidney, or dialyzer, to remove waste from the blood when the kidneys no longer work. It is most often the treatment for end-stage renal disease. Following cardiovascular disease, infection is the second highest cause of death for hemodialysis patients.

The most recent draft of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' National Action Plan to Prevent Healthcare-associated Infections: Roadmap to Elimination includes a revised chapter on efforts to prevent and reduce healthcare-associated infections in end-stage renal disease patients.

In an effort to establish best practices for protecting patients undergoing hemodialysis, APIC published a Guide to the Elimination of Infections in Hemodialysis and has an archived webinar on dialysis event surveillance and reporting.

###

The APIC 2012 Annual Conference, June 4-6 in San Antonio, is the most comprehensive infection prevention conference in the world, featuring more than 100 educational sessions and workshops led by top health experts. The conference is designed to help attendees translate the latest science into practical strategies for the reduction of healthcare-associated infections. The Twitter hashtag #APIC2012 is being used for the meeting.

Poster Presentation #9-136 Outbreak investigation at a dialysis center associated with a multi-use dialyzer with removable headers and O-rings, Los Angeles County.

About APIC

APIC's mission is to create a safer world through prevention of infection. The association's more than 14,000 members direct infection prevention programs that save lives and improve the bottom line for hospitals and other healthcare facilities. APIC advances its mission through patient safety, implementation science, competencies and certification, advocacy, and data standardization. Follow APIC on Twitter: http://twitter.com/apic.

---

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?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

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US and European energy supplies vulnerable to climate change

Monday, June 4, 2012

Higher water temperatures and reduced river flows in Europe and the United States in recent years have resulted in reduced production, or temporary shutdown, of several thermoelectric power plants, resulting in increased electricity prices and raising concerns about future energy security in a changing climate.

Thermoelectric (nuclear or fossil-fuelled) power plants, supply 91% and 78% of total electricity in the US and Europe respectively, thus disruption to their operation is a significant concern for the energy sector.

A study published today in Nature Climate Change projects further disruption to supply, with a likely decrease in thermoelectric power generating capacity of between 6-19% in Europe and 4-16% in the United States for the period 2031-2060, due to lack of cooling-water. The likelihood of extreme (>90%) reductions in thermoelectric power generation will, on average, increase by a factor of three.

Compared to other water use sectors (e.g. industry, agriculture, domestic use), the thermoelectric power sector is one of the largest water users in the US (at 40%) and in Europe (43% of total surface water withdrawals). While much of this water is 'recycled' the power plants rely on consistent volumes of water, at a particular temperature, to prevent overheating of power plants. Reduced water availability and higher water temperatures - caused by increasing ambient air temperatures associated with climate change - are therefore significant issues for electricity supply.

According to the authors, while recirculation (cooling) towers will be affected, power plants that rely on 'once-through cooling' are the most vulnerable. These plants pump water direct from rivers, lakes, or the sea, to cool the turbine condensers, water is then returned to its source, often at temperatures significantly higher than when the water entered the plant, causing yet another problem, that of downstream thermal pollution.

"Higher electricity prices and disruption to supply are significant concerns for the energy sector and consumers, but another growing concern is the environmental impact of increasing water temperatures on river ecosystems, affecting, for example, life cycles of aquatic organisms," says Michelle van Vliet, from Wageningen University and Research Centre.

Both the US and Europe have strict environmental standards with regard to the volume of water withdrawn and the temperature of the water discharged from power plants. Thus warm periods coupled with low river flows can lead to conflicts between environmental objectives and energy production. Additionally, given the substantial investments and the long-life expectancy (50-60 years) of thermoelectric power plants, such projections are important for the electricity sector such that it can adapt to changes in cooling water availability and plan infrastructure investments accordingly.

One adaptation strategy is to reduce reliance on freshwater sources and replace with saltwater, according to co-author Pavel Kabat, Director/CEO of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). "However given the life expectancy of power plants and the inability to relocate them to an alternative water source, this is not an immediate solution but should be factored into infrastructure planning. Another option is to switch to new gas-fired power plants that are both more efficient than nuclear- or fossil fuel- power plants and that also use less water."

The study focused on 61 power plants in central and eastern US and 35 power plants in Europe, both nuclear and coal-fired power plants with different cooling systems were included. Considering the projected increase in demand for electricity in these regions and globally, the study reinforces the need for improved climate adaptation strategies in the thermoelectric power sector to ensure future energy security and environmental objectives are not compromised.

The projections are based on new research that combines hydrological and water temperature models over the twenty-first century with an electricity production model. The models consider two contrasting scenarios for the energy sector - one of low levels of technological change in the energy sector and one that assumes environmental sustainability and a rapid transition to renewable energy.

###

International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis: http://www.iiasa.ac.at

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

This press release has been viewed 9 time(s).

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Olympic torch starts 5-day Northern Ireland tour

Karen Marshall, the first torch bearer from Northern Ireland, carries the Olympic torch to start the relay from Titanic Museum, background center, in Belfast, Northern Ireland, Sunday, June 3, 2012. (AP Photo/Peter Morrison)

Karen Marshall, the first torch bearer from Northern Ireland, carries the Olympic torch to start the relay from Titanic Museum, background center, in Belfast, Northern Ireland, Sunday, June 3, 2012. (AP Photo/Peter Morrison)

Karen Marshall, the first torch bearer from Northern Ireland, poses with the Olympic torch at Titanic Museum, before the relay in Belfast, Northern Ireland, Sunday, June 3, 2012. to Photo/Peter Morrison)

Karen Marshall, the first torch bearer from Northern Ireland, poses with the Olympic torch in front of Harland & Wolff shipyard during her relay in Belfast, Northern Ireland, Sunday, June 3, 2012. (AP Photo/Peter Morrison)

Karen Marshall, the first torch bearer from Northern Ireland, poses with the Olympic torch at Titanic Museum, before she starts the relay in Belfast, Northern Ireland, Sunday, June 3, 2012. (AP Photo/Peter Morrison)

Karen Marshall, the first torch bearer from Northern Ireland, carries the Olympic torch to start the relay at Titanic Museum in Belfast, Northern Ireland, Sunday, June 3, 2012. (AP Photo/Peter Morrison)

BELFAST, Northern Ireland (AP) ? The Olympic torch began its five-day tour of Northern Ireland with plenty of excitement and no signs of trouble Sunday as the territory's Protestants and Catholics vowed to show the world how united the community has become after four decades of conflict.

Police warned of extra security to deter any of the region's small Irish Republican Army factions ? still trying to undermine a broadly successful peace process with guns and bombs ? from trying to disrupt the event.

But the Olympic torch proceeded from Belfast's Titanic Quarter to the prosperous belt of towns along the County Down coast with no unusual security evident. Just as during its first two weeks on British soil in England and Wales, the crowds were free to stand beside the passing torchbearer, who was flanked by four to six tracksuit-clad security staff jogging alongside.

Between stops, a Northern Ireland police motorcycle unit used to protecting VIPs sped ahead to block roads and ensure the torch convoy of more than a dozen vehicles carrying support staff and media stuck to its ambitious schedule to reach every corner of this province of 1.7 million by Thursday.

Sinn Fein, the Irish nationalist party that long supported IRA attacks but today helps govern Northern Ireland alongside its British Protestant majority, said all of Ireland was excited to see the symbol of the 2012 London Games arrive. The flame will cross the border Wednesday into the Republic of Ireland to tour Dublin, a special concession to demonstrate today's exceptionally strong British-Irish relations and cooperation between the two governments on the island of Ireland.

"The all-Ireland torch relay is a celebration of sport, culture and our local heroes. This really is our opportunity to shine and showcase our cities, beautiful scenery and most of all the people who live here," said Caral Ni Chuilin, the Sinn Fein sports minister for Northern Ireland.

Sunday's torch run started at dawn in the Belfast docklands where the city's most infamous export, the Titanic, was built a century ago. It headed east to Holywood, best known as the hometown of top-ranked golfer Rory McIlroy, then to the port of Bangor, the major town of a stretch of coastline known as the Gold Coast because of its reputation for comfort and affluence.

Along the sidewalks, sometimes the crowds of spectators grew to five deep in the hearts of town, but more often the torchbearer was able to wave to single groups of people cheering, whistling, hooting ? or occasionally still rubbing sleep out of their eyes, bathrobes on, coffee mugs in hand.

The torch spends the rest of Sunday visiting Stormont Parliamentary Building, the base for Northern Ireland's 5-year-old unity government, then showcasing some of the province's most spectacular scenery along the coast north past glacier-carved forest glens and the Giants Causeway, with its strange carpet of hexagonal rocks running down to the Atlantic waves.

As the torch passed through predominantly Protestant towns east of Belfast, the locals' loyalties were on display, with many waving British flags adorned with images of Queen Elizabeth II. Much of the torch's later route goes through predominantly Irish Catholic turf, including areas where IRA extremists still committed to the idea of overthrowing Northern Ireland by force live.

Underscoring the threat, a suspected IRA activist tossed a grenade at a police unit Saturday in Northern Ireland's second-largest city, Londonderry, where the Olympic cavalcade will spend parts of Monday and Tuesday. The police, who were searching a property at the time, weren't injured but their vehicle suffered heavy shrapnel damage.

In Belfast a police deputy commander, Assistant Chief Constable Alistair Finlay, said the Northern Ireland public would see heavy deployments of officers both along the Olympic torch routes and at events associated with the queen's Diamond Jubilee, also being celebrated this weekend. He said IRA splinter groups "will take any opportunity to cause disruption."

He said people might find roads blocked, and other unexpected security delays. "We are taking these steps to keep communities and their officers safe. We would not do this if it was not absolutely necessary to protect life," Finlay said.

Several spectators said they doubted that any IRA splinter group would seriously disrupt the torch run. They said even if Irish republican extremists tried something, Northern Ireland's people were determined to keep partying anyway.

"We're not going to let that crowd of morons ruin our day. They represent zero-point-zero of the population. This is the real Northern Ireland," said Gareth Wilson, 35, standing with his wife and two sons by the roadside with cell phones in hand, each snapping pictures as the torch cavalcade passed.

___

Online:

Olympic torch relay May 19-July 27, http://l2012.cm/Juynr7

Associated Press

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Not All In Employment Research Careers Are Made Equal

This article has been viewed 10 times.

A growing number of folks are taking on job search careers, helping clients polish their resumes, nation job interviews, and perform well during these interviews. This isn?t surprising; finding a new employment today ? regardless of whether for individuals who lost their work or those who need to make a planned professional job change ? is not an simple job. Open positions today, thanks towards nation?s high unemployment rate, attract hundreds of applicants.

It?s tough to stand out between such a large crowd of job seekers. That?s why so many unemployed today are turning to job search consultants. These professionals assist the unemployed navigate today?s challenging job market to country the best jobs.

Not All Employment Consultants Created Equal
However, not all job search professionals are created equal. People trying to find new jobs have to ask the correct queries to see if the job search consultants they are considering actually have the skills needed to supply them in the greatest job search advice. The sad fact is that quite a few professionals in job search careers only entered this firm recently being a method to earn quick funds off desperate job seekers.

Experience Matters
The finest job search careers professionals have been advising job hunters for years, extended prior to the country?s current economic downturn hit. They also have many satisfied customers and they?re not afraid to share the contact details of these customers so that job seekers can call them. These referrals should be in a position to tell job hunters exactly what level of program particular job search professionals provided them, and whether these services helped them country a job.

Networking Skills are Key
Job search professionals will also be in a position to help job seekers towards the greatest job sites, the ones about which not everybody knows. Probably the most job search professionals will also focus on helping their shoppers brush up on their networking skills. That?s simply because networking with local corporation professionals, former co-workers, and past bosses will be the key to landing a brand new job today. By networking with these professionals, job hunters may perhaps learn of an opening in a nearby accounting corporation or construction company that hasn?t yet hit the on-line job sites or newspaper classifieds.

Working with a job search consultant can support the unemployed discover new positions. It?s important, though, that job hunters jobs only with consultants who are experienced, knowledgeable, and skilled.

If you want no-nonsense training on how to land your dream job, mastering the interview and gaining more confidence, plus essential job search networking skills and how to effectively implement social media into your job search. you don't want to miss Get Hired Boot Camp. finding a job

HTML Ready Article You Can Place On Your Site. (do not remove any attribution to source or author) <title>GMT Articles | Not All In Employment Research Careers Are Made Equal</title><h3>Not All In Employment Research Careers Are Made Equal</h3><p>By: </p><p>A growing number of folks are taking on job search careers, helping clients polish their resumes, nation job interviews, and perform well during these interviews. This isn?t surprising; finding a new employment today ? regardless of whether for individuals who lost their work or those who need to make a planned professional job change ? is not an simple job. Open positions today, thanks towards nation?s high unemployment rate, attract hundreds of applicants. </p><p>It?s tough to stand out between such a large crowd of job seekers. That?s why so many unemployed today are turning to job search consultants. These professionals assist the unemployed navigate today?s challenging job market to country the best jobs. </p><p>Not All Employment Consultants Created Equal <br />However, not all job search professionals are created equal. People trying to find new jobs have to ask the correct queries to see if the job search consultants they are considering actually have the skills needed to supply them in the greatest job search advice. The sad fact is that quite a few professionals in job search careers only entered this firm recently being a method to earn quick funds off desperate job seekers. </p><p>Experience Matters <br />The finest job search careers professionals have been advising job hunters for years, extended prior to the country?s current economic downturn hit. They also have many satisfied customers and they?re not afraid to share the contact details of these customers so that job seekers can call them. These referrals should be in a position to tell job hunters exactly what level of program particular job search professionals provided them, and whether these services helped them country a job. </p><p>Networking Skills are Key <br />Job search professionals will also be in a position to help job seekers towards the greatest job sites, the ones about which not everybody knows. Probably the most job search professionals will also focus on helping their shoppers brush up on their networking skills. That?s simply because networking with local corporation professionals, former co-workers, and past bosses will be the key to landing a brand new job today. By networking with these professionals, job hunters may perhaps learn of an opening in a nearby accounting corporation or construction company that hasn?t yet hit the on-line job sites or newspaper classifieds. </p><p>Working with a job search consultant can support the unemployed discover new positions. It?s important, though, that job hunters jobs only with consultants who are experienced, knowledgeable, and skilled. </p><p>If you want no-nonsense training on how to land your dream job, mastering the interview and gaining more confidence, plus essential job search networking skills and how to effectively implement social media into your job search. you don't want to miss Get Hired Boot Camp. finding a job</p><p><b>Article Courtesy of</b> GMT Articles<br /></p>

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Good ideas for Success in Online Business

2:00 AM By Article Directory

'; div.innerHTML = summary; } //]]> Good ideas for Success in Online Business Good ideas for Success in Online Business

To achieve success in online marketing or any business for that matter some golden there is an inevitable need to observe some important rules of the game otherwise it will seem as if one is pouring water into a basket,  surely no matter how hard how one may try, the outcome will be zero and nothing but zero.

 

Just as the Holy Books say, the sign of the time for the world coming to an end is the astronomical development in science and technology and that can be more evidenced in the form the Information and Communication Technology has sporadically transformed mutual transaction between the people all over the world irrespective of races, tribe creed or color.  So the rate at which knowledge in agriculture, science, marketing, education, medicine and information is shared cannot be compared to what it was at the beginning of this century ??" a phenomenon that could not be imagined at the end of the last industrial revolution.

 

It is better to imagine what the whole world would have been without the vast array of opportunities the unparalleled contribution the Internet has made to the way business and social activities are conducted by people all over the world just at the click of buttons on the computer.

Important business records indicate that several billions of Dollars worth of business deals are normally done year in year out through the Internet since the beginning of this millennium to an extent that millions of people derive their livelihood and huge success in online marketing.

 

This fact notwithstanding, it is quite a big surprise that less than  five percent of the people that start an internet based home business make any sort of significant money and in most of the cases lose so much of their investments and are forced to go back to their previous work or business. The reason is not farfetched and can be ascribed to the fact that since it is not a type of business that brings in the much desired income immediately one starts, so the tendency to give up early the effort is always there.

 

Good ideas for success in online business are the first inevitable tools that must be acquired by anyone who wants to make Internet Marketing as a source of livelihood and that should begin by making a cogent plan and assessment for the ways to go about it. The importance of making immediate, short, medium and long term plans cannot be overemphasized because that will be a good foundation for success.

 

With the plans well laid out the next step will be to look for mentors particularly those that have  seen both the thick and the thin or rather the nitty-gritty of the both the online business and Internet Marketing in order to avoid the pitfalls that would not bring one back to square one. This is because, from experience, it is not a business that one can plunge into without adequate education and mentorship from those that have walked the path to success before. Look for the inevitable tips for the best way to make a huge income in the next article coming from this blog soon.

 

If you really have met some disappointment in online and Internet business but  want to make a simple research and make a considerable amount of money in the process just check http://bit.ly/ad0ZxZ and you will, no doubt, be glad you did.

 

 

Ade Adenekan is the Executive Director of Pan-African Reconciliation Centre in Lagos City Nigeria and a leader in the third sector of the global economy. If you want to make a good income from research on your simple passion get more details at this site: www.wealthconcern.com

 

A

He is currently the Executive Director of Pan-African Reconciliation Centre and also the Vice-Presdient representing Africa in the World Kindness Movement based in Singapore.

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Next stop for SpaceX's Dragon cargo ship: the Pacific Ocean (+video)

The Dragon cargo ship, the first commercially owned spacecraft to reach the International Space Station, is making its return trip to Earth. SpaceX designed Dragon for reuse, but NASA wants a new one for each mission.

By Pete Spotts,?Staff writer / May 31, 2012

This framegrab image from NASA-TV shows the SpaceX Dragon capsule, center, the U.S. Destiny lab, left and the Japanese Kibo module, right just after the Dragon capsule was dematted from the International Space Station Thursday, May 31.

NASA/AP

Enlarge

After a historic launch and five days docked to the International Space Station, SpaceX's Dragon cargo ship is on its way home.

Skip to next paragraph

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'; } else if (google_ads.length > 1) { ad_unit += ''; } } document.getElementById("ad_unit").innerHTML += ad_unit; google_adnum += google_ads.length; return; } var google_adnum = 0; google_ad_client = "pub-6743622525202572"; google_ad_output = 'js'; google_max_num_ads = '1'; google_feedback = "on"; google_ad_type = "text"; google_adtest = "off"; google_image_size = '230x105'; google_skip = '0'; // --> The SpaceX Dragon capsule undocks from the International Space Station and heads back to earth after a successful mission. Rough Cut (no reporter narration).

The first commercially owned and operated cargo craft to reach the station pulled away under its own power shortly before 6 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time after station flight engineers Joe Acaba and Don Petitt used the space station's robotic arm to detatch Dragon and gingerly position it about 30 feet below the orbiting outpost.

From there, the craft's thrusters put additional distance between the two vehicles, sending it beyond the zone where NASA's mission control at the Johnson Space Center in Houston had joint control over the craft.

At 10:51 a.m. EDT, Dragon is scheduled to uses its thrusters for nearly 10 minutes to begin its descent into the atmosphere. On its way down, it will jettison the cylindrical cargo ?trunk? it carried up, leaving the conical capsule free to splash down in the Pacific Ocean. Controllers are aiming for a spot some 490 nautical miles southwest of Los Angeles.

A small fleet of recovery vessels will be on hand to retrieve the capsule, which is returning some 1,400 pounds of cargo from the space station.

This is not the first time SpaceX has attempted to return and recover an orbiting capsule. In December 2010, during its first demonstration flight as part of a $1.6-billion, 12-mission station-resupply contract with NASA, SpaceX successfully orbited and recovered a Dragon capsule.

Still, ?we're not taking this lightly,? said SpaceX mission director John Couluris during a prereturn briefing on Wednesday. Yet even if something goes wrong on the return, the SpaceX team will have considered the mission a success ? demonstrating that its craft was up to the task of rendezvousing, docking, and delivering the goods to the International Space Station.

Dragon's ability to bring cargo back, as well as deliver it, makes it unique among the three other cargo craft that international partners provide to regularly resupply the station. If a malfunction prevents Dragon from spashdown and recovery, it will still have matched the other cargo carriers' capabilities.

From NASA's perspective, all of the demonstration objectives it set for SpaceX ? tied to safe operation in the space station's vicinity ? have been met, said Holly Riding, NASA's lead space-station flight director for the mission.

During Dragon's stay on orbit, station crew members unpacked about 1,000 pounds of cargo the craft brought. In addition, flight engineers used cameras on the station's robotic arm to inspect the capsule for damage (they found none) and to give the crew some experience operating the arm around the craft's unpressurized trunk. On later flights, the trunk will be loaded with cargo. Dragon docks with the station nose-first, so the crew has no direct view of the rear of the trunk, where loading and unloading would take place.

Although the capsules are designed for reuse, NASA has ordered up a fresh capsule for each of the 12 missions SpaceX will perform for the agency.

The first resupply flight under NASA's contract with SpaceX is scheduled for the third quarter of this year.

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