Tuesday, October 22, 2013

Betty White Spoofs Miley Cyrus For Her TV Show



Please GODS let this KILL that stupid wrecking ball





Ever since Miley Cyrus stripped herself nekkid to ride a wrecking ball in the music video for her #1 song Wrecking Ball, people all over the place have been spoofing her antics. Today, we learn that the one and only Betty White decided to hop on the bandwagon and ride a wrecking ball to promote the new season of her show Betty White’s Off Their Rockers. Thankfully, Betty remains fully clothed in the promo … check it out below.




Yo, Hulk Hogan, we’re going to let you finish—but Betty White had one of the best “Wrecking Ball” parodies of all time! That’s right, the latest star to channel her inner Miley Cyrus and hop aboard a piece of construction equipment is none other than 91-year-old Betty White! So what exactly is going on? Betty has teamed up with Lifetime to promote the news that her new show, Betty White’s Off Their Rockers has found a new home on Lifetime. And to spread the word, she’s taking cues from pop culture! While on the wrecking ball, Betty asks for a sledgehammer—though she keeps it PG and doesn’t opt for the French kiss, thankfully! Tune into Betty White’s Off Their Rockers Wednesdays at 9 PM on Lifetime!



LOL. I mean, this wrecking ball thing has been done to death but I do kinda love that Betty was game for giving it a go. BUT, as much as I am charmed by this, I hope this is the end. Seriously. Let it be done, peoples. No one will ride a wrecking ball or lick a sledgehammer better than Betty White. The matter is now closed for good. Right?


[Source]





Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/pinkisthenewblog/~3/vpKNHR7WrE0/betty-white-spoofs-miley-cyrus-for-her-tv-show
Tags: melissa mccarthy   Kelly LeBrock   school shooting   FOX Sports 1   Amish Mafia  

Justin Bieber Causes Trouble Last Weekend

Being in the public eye can cause a lot of headache along with the perks of fame, and Justin Bieber became the target of some official scrutiny recently.


This past weekend, a photo of the "Hold Tight" singer with a bottle of beer in his hand taken inside NOX Houston club drew the attention of the Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission.


After a complaint was filed, the Commission will investigate whether or not the Biebs was served alcohol, which could mean big problems for the club.


Also that weekend, the 19-year-old pop star was departing San Juan, Puerto Rico when airport security decided to conduct a "random search" through his many bags. Following an hour-long search, Justin was permitted to leave on a private jet.


Source: http://celebrity-gossip.net/justin-bieber/justin-bieber-causes-trouble-last-weekend-946880
Related Topics: engadget   Sunny Ozell   Miley Cyrus Vmas 2013 Youtube   Elmore Leonard   Kensington Palace  

Monday, October 21, 2013

Sony offers a walk down memory lane with every PlayStation (video)

Whether you grew up in London or not, Sony's latest PlayStation 4 ad will assuredly trigger a memory or fifty of the past 25 years. The short video starts with the very first PlayStation and brings viewers all the way through to the upcoming PlayStation 4's November launch, bridging the gap with ...


Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/aT1AMl10JKk/
Related Topics: jennette mccurdy   djokovic   Espn College Football   Jenna Wolfe   Christopher Lane  

Redskins' Meriweather suspended 2 games for hits

Chicago Bears running back Matt Forte (22) drags Washington Redskins strong safety Brandon Meriweather, center, and inside linebacker London Fletcher, right, into the end zone for a touchdown during the second half of a NFL football game in Landover, Md., Sunday, Oct. 20, 2013. (AP Photo/Nick Wass)







Chicago Bears running back Matt Forte (22) drags Washington Redskins strong safety Brandon Meriweather, center, and inside linebacker London Fletcher, right, into the end zone for a touchdown during the second half of a NFL football game in Landover, Md., Sunday, Oct. 20, 2013. (AP Photo/Nick Wass)







(AP) — Washington Redskins free safety Brandon Meriweather's dangerous habit of leading with his helmet will cost him two games, the latest sanction from a league determined to make the game safer by discouraging blows to the head.

The NFL announced Monday that Meriweather will be suspended for this week's game against the Denver Broncos and the following game against the San Diego Chargers, a severe blow to a struggling defense as the Redskins try to recover from their poor start to the season.

Meriweather has the right to appeal. If he does, an expedited hearing will be held this week and a ruling issued before the Broncos game.

He was flagged twice for hits on defenseless receivers in Sunday's 45-41 win over the Chicago Bears, in the third quarter for a helmet-to-helmet hit on Alshon Jeffery in the fourth quarter for a helmet-first hit to the head and neck area of Brandon Marshall.

In announcing the suspension, the league cited Meriweather's status as a repeat offender. He was fined $42,000 for a helmet-first hit on Green Bay Packers running back Eddie Lacy in Week 2, forcing Lacy out of the game with a concussion. Later in that same game, another helmet-first hit left Meriweather with a concussion, knocking him out of the game.

The two-game suspension will cost Meriweather $141,176 in salary. He will not be allowed to participate in any football activities with the team during the suspension.

Meriweather said after Sunday's game that he thought both hits against the Bears were legal. He said he's tried to change his game to suit the NFL's tackling rules.

"I wasn't trying to be dirty. I wasn't trying to hurt nobody," he said. "I didn't lead with my, didn't launch with my head. I used my shoulder like they told me to do."

Coach Mike Shanahan said earlier Monday that he didn't think Meriweather would be suspended.

"I think he knows exactly what he has to do," Shanahan said. "And sometimes the intent — there's no intent there — sometimes you hit a guy a little bit higher than anticipated. Even the last one, he came to the sideline and says, 'Hey, one guy told me it was a good hit and the other official told me he saw it differently.' So there's a lot of different interpretations of it, and at the end of the day we'll find out."

The suspension could leave the Redskins without their two starting safeties when they face Peyton Manning and the Broncos. Strong safety Reed Doughty suffered a concussion Sunday when the Bears attempted an onside kick in the fourth quarter. He will have to pass the league's required tests before he can be cleared to play next week at Denver.

The Redskins are already thin at safety. Rookie Phillip Thomas was lost for the season with an injury during training camp, and rookie Bacarri Rambo lost his starting job after struggling in the first two games.

The only other safeties on the roster are Jose Gumbs, who has played in two NFL games, and Trenton Robinson, who was signed last week.

Washington is ranked 24th in the NFL against the pass and gave up 24 second-half points Sunday against a backup quarterback.

Shanahan was asked how he would manage if he doesn't have Meriweather and Doughty.

"Not a whole lot you can do about it," Shanahan said, "except prepare the best way you can."

___

AP NFL website: www.pro32.ap.org

___

Follow Joseph White on Twitter: http://twitter.com/JGWhiteAP

Associated PressSource: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-10-21-FBN-Redskins-Meriweather-Hits/id-c83a4d52225e4a16b27c3e0dd00f8dbb
Related Topics: Dario Franchitti   politico   breaking bad   Blackboard   Riley Cooper  

Global ocean currents explain why Northern Hemisphere is the soggier one

Global ocean currents explain why Northern Hemisphere is the soggier one


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PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

20-Oct-2013



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Contact: Hannah Hickey
hickeyh@uw.edu
206-543-2580
University of Washington






A quick glance at a world precipitation map shows that most tropical rain falls in the Northern Hemisphere. The Palmyra Atoll, at 6 degrees north, gets 175 inches of rain a year, while an equal distance on the opposite side of the equator gets only 45 inches.
Scientists long believed that this was a quirk of the Earth's geometry that the ocean basins tilting diagonally while the planet spins pushed tropical rain bands north of the equator. But a new University of Washington study shows that the pattern arises from ocean currents originating from the poles, thousands of miles away.

The findings, published Oct. 20 in Nature Geoscience, explain a fundamental feature of the planet's climate, and show that icy waters affect seasonal rains that are crucial for growing crops in such places as Africa's Sahel region and southern India.

In general, hotter places are wetter because hot air rises and moisture precipitates out.

"It rains more in the Northern Hemisphere because it's warmer," said corresponding author Dargan Frierson, a UW associate professor of atmospheric sciences. "The question is: What makes the Northern Hemisphere warmer? And we've found that it's the ocean circulation."

Frierson and his co-authors first used detailed measurements from NASA's Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System, or CERES, satellites to show that sunlight actually provides more heat to the Southern Hemisphere and so, by atmospheric radiation alone, the Southern Hemisphere should be the soggier one.

After using other observations to calculate the ocean heat transport, the authors next used computer models to show the key role of the huge conveyor-belt current that sinks near Greenland, travels along the ocean bottom to Antarctica, and then rises and flows north along the surface. Eliminating this current flips the tropical rain bands to the south.

The reason is that as the water moves north over many decades it gradually heats up, carrying some 400 trillion (that's four with 14 zeroes after it) watts of power across the equator.

For many years, slanting ocean basins have been the accepted reason for the asymmetry in tropical rainfall.

"But at the same time, a lot of people didn't really believe that explanation because it's kind of a complicated argument. For such a major feature there's usually a simpler explanation," Frierson said.

The ocean current they found to be responsible was made famous in the 2004 movie "The Day After Tomorrow," in which the premise was that the overturning circulation shut down and New York froze over. While a sudden shutdown like in the movie won't happen, a gradual slowing which the recent United Nations report said was "very likely" by 2100 could shift tropical rains south, the study suggests, as it probably has in the past.

The slowdown of the currents is predicted because increasing rain and freshwater in the North Atlantic would make the water less dense and less prone to sinking.

"This is really just another part of a big, growing body of evidence that's come out in the last 10 or 15 years showing how important high latitudes are for other parts of the world," Frierson said.

Frierson's earlier work shows how the changing temperature balance between hemispheres influences tropical rainfall. A recent study by Frierson and collaborators looked at how pollution from the industrial revolution blocked sunlight to the Northern Hemisphere in the 1970s and '80s and shifted tropical rains to the south.

"A lot of the changes in the recent past have been due to air pollution," Frierson said. "The future will depend on air pollution and global warming, as well as ocean circulation changes. That makes tropical rainfall particularly hard to predict."

###


Co-authors of the paper are Yen-Ting Hwang, Elizabeth Maroon, Xiaojuan Liu and David Battisti at the UW; Neven Fuckar at the University of Hawaii; Richard Seager at Columbia University; Sarah Kang at South Korea's Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology; and Aaron Donohoe at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The research was funded by the National Science Foundation, the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, the National Aeronautic and Space Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the U.S. Department of Defense.

For more information, contact Frierson at 206-685-7364 or dargan@atmos.washington.edu.




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Global ocean currents explain why Northern Hemisphere is the soggier one


[ Back to EurekAlert! ]

PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

20-Oct-2013



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Contact: Hannah Hickey
hickeyh@uw.edu
206-543-2580
University of Washington






A quick glance at a world precipitation map shows that most tropical rain falls in the Northern Hemisphere. The Palmyra Atoll, at 6 degrees north, gets 175 inches of rain a year, while an equal distance on the opposite side of the equator gets only 45 inches.
Scientists long believed that this was a quirk of the Earth's geometry that the ocean basins tilting diagonally while the planet spins pushed tropical rain bands north of the equator. But a new University of Washington study shows that the pattern arises from ocean currents originating from the poles, thousands of miles away.

The findings, published Oct. 20 in Nature Geoscience, explain a fundamental feature of the planet's climate, and show that icy waters affect seasonal rains that are crucial for growing crops in such places as Africa's Sahel region and southern India.

In general, hotter places are wetter because hot air rises and moisture precipitates out.

"It rains more in the Northern Hemisphere because it's warmer," said corresponding author Dargan Frierson, a UW associate professor of atmospheric sciences. "The question is: What makes the Northern Hemisphere warmer? And we've found that it's the ocean circulation."

Frierson and his co-authors first used detailed measurements from NASA's Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System, or CERES, satellites to show that sunlight actually provides more heat to the Southern Hemisphere and so, by atmospheric radiation alone, the Southern Hemisphere should be the soggier one.

After using other observations to calculate the ocean heat transport, the authors next used computer models to show the key role of the huge conveyor-belt current that sinks near Greenland, travels along the ocean bottom to Antarctica, and then rises and flows north along the surface. Eliminating this current flips the tropical rain bands to the south.

The reason is that as the water moves north over many decades it gradually heats up, carrying some 400 trillion (that's four with 14 zeroes after it) watts of power across the equator.

For many years, slanting ocean basins have been the accepted reason for the asymmetry in tropical rainfall.

"But at the same time, a lot of people didn't really believe that explanation because it's kind of a complicated argument. For such a major feature there's usually a simpler explanation," Frierson said.

The ocean current they found to be responsible was made famous in the 2004 movie "The Day After Tomorrow," in which the premise was that the overturning circulation shut down and New York froze over. While a sudden shutdown like in the movie won't happen, a gradual slowing which the recent United Nations report said was "very likely" by 2100 could shift tropical rains south, the study suggests, as it probably has in the past.

The slowdown of the currents is predicted because increasing rain and freshwater in the North Atlantic would make the water less dense and less prone to sinking.

"This is really just another part of a big, growing body of evidence that's come out in the last 10 or 15 years showing how important high latitudes are for other parts of the world," Frierson said.

Frierson's earlier work shows how the changing temperature balance between hemispheres influences tropical rainfall. A recent study by Frierson and collaborators looked at how pollution from the industrial revolution blocked sunlight to the Northern Hemisphere in the 1970s and '80s and shifted tropical rains to the south.

"A lot of the changes in the recent past have been due to air pollution," Frierson said. "The future will depend on air pollution and global warming, as well as ocean circulation changes. That makes tropical rainfall particularly hard to predict."

###


Co-authors of the paper are Yen-Ting Hwang, Elizabeth Maroon, Xiaojuan Liu and David Battisti at the UW; Neven Fuckar at the University of Hawaii; Richard Seager at Columbia University; Sarah Kang at South Korea's Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology; and Aaron Donohoe at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The research was funded by the National Science Foundation, the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, the National Aeronautic and Space Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the U.S. Department of Defense.

For more information, contact Frierson at 206-685-7364 or dargan@atmos.washington.edu.




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Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-10/uow-goc101613.php
Tags: BART strike   Miley Cyrus Vmas 2013 Youtube  

Maxthon heads to Windows Phone with multi-device cloud syncing in tow


Introducing Maxthon Cloud Browser for Windows Phone


New Windows Phone Browser Brings Unmatched Ease of Use, High Performance and Exclusive Features


EMBARGOED: San Francisco, CA, October 21, 2013 – Maxthon, a global software company that develops state-of-the-art web browsers, today announced the availability of its leading Cloud Browser for Windows Phones. Maxthon for Windows Phone will offer the same out of box experience, ease of use, high performance and faster speeds that have come to be expected of all Maxthon products.


"With mobile devices becoming the first screen for most of the world's population, we here at Maxthon understood the importance of making our leading cloud browser available on all mobile platforms," said Jeff Chen, CEO of Maxthon. "We listened to our users and developed a Windows Phone browser with unmatched features and usability to bring the best browsing experience to all Windows Phone users."


The Maxthon Cloud Browser takes the mobile browsing experience on Windows Phones to new heights with function and features including:


  • Cloud services with multi-device support: Users can sign in with a free Maxthon Passport account and sync their favorites online, and to other devices using the Maxthon Cloud Browser on Android, iOS, Windows and Mac

  • Ease of use with (patent-pending) implementation of tabs: Maxthon for Windows Phone's tab navigation allows users to swipe up and down to go forward and backward in browsing history, which no other Windows Phone browser offers

  • Favorites optimized for mobile touch screens: Users can add, change and access favorites in a more intuitive and easier to use way than any other Windows Phone browser

  • Live tiles in Quick Access: Maxthon has taken its "Quick Access" feature and reinvented it for Windows Phone with fun animation that makes it easier to use Quick Access

  • Pop-up address bar: Users can access search and the address bar when they want it, with a simple gesture that causes them to pop up

"Windows Phone is gaining prominence worldwide, and its users deserve a browser that better serves their wants and needs," said Karl Mattson, VP of Maxthon's International Efforts. "We're always looking to offer new ways to browse the web faster and more easily. We're excited to bring that to the Windows Phone platform."


About Maxthon
Maxthon is an innovative software company that develops superior web browsers that continue to set new standards for speed, security, simplicity and cloud features. It is available on the Windows, Android, iOS and Mac platforms. With offices in San Francisco, Los Angeles, Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong, Maxthon reaches a global community of users that tops more than 120,000,000 people each month in more than 150 countries. Click here for more information about Maxthon


Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/10/21/maxthon-windows-phone/?ncid=rss_truncated
Category: carrie   Ted Cruz   diana nyad   Tropical Storm Flossie   Alfonso Soriano  

How subtle movements and facial features could predict your demise

How subtle movements and facial features could predict your demise


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Public release date: 17-Oct-2013
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Contact: B. Rose Huber
brhuber@princeton.edu
412-328-6008
Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs



Princeton study shows that health assessments made by medically untrained interviewers can predict mortality of individuals better than those made by physicians or the individuals themselves



PRINCETON, NJFeatures like the wrinkles on your forehead and the way you move may reflect your overall health and risk of dying, according to recent health research. But do physicians consider such details when assessing patients' overall health and functioning?


In a survey of approximately 1,200 Taiwanese participants, Princeton University researchers found that interviewers who were not health professionals but were trained to administer the survey provided health assessments that were related to a survey participant's risk of dying, in part because they were attuned to facial expressions, responsiveness and overall agility.


The researchers report in the journal Epidemiology that these assessments were even more accurate predictors of dying than assessments made by physicians or even the individuals themselves. The findings show that survey interviewers, who typically spend a fair amount of time observing participants, can glean important information regarding participants' health through thorough observations.


"Your face and body reveal a lot about your life. We speculate that a lot of information about a person's health is reflected in their face, movements, speech and functioning, as well as in the information explicitly collected during interviews," said Noreen Goldman, Hughes-Rogers Professor of Demography and Public Affairs in the Woodrow Wilson School.


Together with lead author of the paper and Princeton Ph.D. candidate Megan Todd, Goldman analyzed data collected by the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study (SEBAS). This study was designed by Goldman and co-investigator Maxine Weinstein at Georgetown University to evaluate the linkages among the social environment, stress and health. Beginning in 2000, SEBAS conducted extensive home interviews, collected biological specimens and administered medical examinations with middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan. Goldman and Todd used the 2006 wave of this study, which included both interviewer and physician assessments, for their analysis. They also included death registration data through 2011 to ascertain the survival status of those interviewed.


The survey used in the study included detailed questions regarding participants' health conditions and social environment. Participants' physical functioning was evaluated through tasks that determined, for example, their walking speed and grip strength. Health assessments were elicited from participants, interviewers and physicians on identical five-point scales by asking "Regarding your/the respondent's current state of health, do you feel it is excellent (5), good (4), average (3), not so good (2) or poor (1)?"


Participants answered this question near the beginning of the interview, before other health questions were asked. Interviewers assessed the participants' health at the end of the survey, after administering the questionnaire and evaluating participants' performance on a set of tasks, such as walking a short distance and getting up and down from a chair. And physicians who were hired by the study and were not the participants' primary care physicians provided their assessments after physical exams and reviews of the participants' medical histories. (Study investigators did not provide special guidance about how to rate overall health to any group.)


In order to understand the many variables that go into predicting mortality, Goldman and Todd factored into their statistical models such socio-demographic variables as sex, place of residence, education, marital status, and participation in social activities. They also considered chronic conditions, psychological wellbeing (such as depressive symptoms) and physical functioning to account for a fuller picture of health.


"Mortality is easy to measure because we have death records indicating when a person has died," Goldman said. "Overall health, on the other hand, is very complicated to measure but obviously very important for addressing health policy issues."


Two unexpected results emerged from Goldman and Todd's analysis. The first: physicians' ratings proved to be weak predictors of survival. "The physicians performed a medical exam equivalent to an annual physical exam, plus an abdominal ultrasound; they have specialized knowledge regarding health conditions," Goldman explained. "Given access to such information, we anticipated stronger, more accurate predictions of death," she said. "These results call into question previous studies' assumptions that physicians' 'objective health' ratings are superior to 'subjective' ratings provided by the survey participants themselves."


In a second surprising finding, the team found that interviewers' ratings were considerably more powerful for predicting mortality than self-ratings. This is likely, Goldman said, because interviewers considered respondents' movements, appearance and responsiveness in addition to the detailed health information gathered during the interviews. Also, Goldman posits, interviewer ratings are probably less affected by bias than self-reports.


"The 'self-rated health' question is religiously used by health researchers and social scientists, and, although it has been shown to predict mortality, it suffers from many biases. People use it because it's easy and simple," Goldman continued. "But the problem with self-rated health is that we have no idea what reference group the respondent is using when evaluating his or her own health. Different ethnic and racial groups respond differently as do varying socioeconomic groups. We need other simple ways to rate individual health instead of relying so heavily on self-rated health."


One way, Goldman suggests, is by including interviewer ratings in surveys along with self-ratings: "This is a straightforward and cost-free addition to a questionnaire that is likely to improve our measurement of health in any population," Goldman said.


###


The paper, "Do Interviewer and Physician Health Ratings Predict Mortality? A Comparison with Self-Rated Health," first appeared online in Epidemology in August 2013. The article also will be featured in the November print edition. The researchers thank colleagues at Princeton's Office of Population Research, Georgetown University and the Bureau of Health Promotion in the Taiwan Department of Health.


For more information on the Office of Population Research, click here.



Founded in 1930, the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University is a major international center of advanced training and research in public affairs. The Woodrow Wilson School is an institution with the energy and strength to tackle the most serious issues of the present day, and the vision and experience to prepare the leaders who will shape the public policies of the future.




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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.




How subtle movements and facial features could predict your demise


[ Back to EurekAlert! ]
Public release date: 17-Oct-2013
[


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]

Contact: B. Rose Huber
brhuber@princeton.edu
412-328-6008
Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs



Princeton study shows that health assessments made by medically untrained interviewers can predict mortality of individuals better than those made by physicians or the individuals themselves



PRINCETON, NJFeatures like the wrinkles on your forehead and the way you move may reflect your overall health and risk of dying, according to recent health research. But do physicians consider such details when assessing patients' overall health and functioning?


In a survey of approximately 1,200 Taiwanese participants, Princeton University researchers found that interviewers who were not health professionals but were trained to administer the survey provided health assessments that were related to a survey participant's risk of dying, in part because they were attuned to facial expressions, responsiveness and overall agility.


The researchers report in the journal Epidemiology that these assessments were even more accurate predictors of dying than assessments made by physicians or even the individuals themselves. The findings show that survey interviewers, who typically spend a fair amount of time observing participants, can glean important information regarding participants' health through thorough observations.


"Your face and body reveal a lot about your life. We speculate that a lot of information about a person's health is reflected in their face, movements, speech and functioning, as well as in the information explicitly collected during interviews," said Noreen Goldman, Hughes-Rogers Professor of Demography and Public Affairs in the Woodrow Wilson School.


Together with lead author of the paper and Princeton Ph.D. candidate Megan Todd, Goldman analyzed data collected by the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study (SEBAS). This study was designed by Goldman and co-investigator Maxine Weinstein at Georgetown University to evaluate the linkages among the social environment, stress and health. Beginning in 2000, SEBAS conducted extensive home interviews, collected biological specimens and administered medical examinations with middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan. Goldman and Todd used the 2006 wave of this study, which included both interviewer and physician assessments, for their analysis. They also included death registration data through 2011 to ascertain the survival status of those interviewed.


The survey used in the study included detailed questions regarding participants' health conditions and social environment. Participants' physical functioning was evaluated through tasks that determined, for example, their walking speed and grip strength. Health assessments were elicited from participants, interviewers and physicians on identical five-point scales by asking "Regarding your/the respondent's current state of health, do you feel it is excellent (5), good (4), average (3), not so good (2) or poor (1)?"


Participants answered this question near the beginning of the interview, before other health questions were asked. Interviewers assessed the participants' health at the end of the survey, after administering the questionnaire and evaluating participants' performance on a set of tasks, such as walking a short distance and getting up and down from a chair. And physicians who were hired by the study and were not the participants' primary care physicians provided their assessments after physical exams and reviews of the participants' medical histories. (Study investigators did not provide special guidance about how to rate overall health to any group.)


In order to understand the many variables that go into predicting mortality, Goldman and Todd factored into their statistical models such socio-demographic variables as sex, place of residence, education, marital status, and participation in social activities. They also considered chronic conditions, psychological wellbeing (such as depressive symptoms) and physical functioning to account for a fuller picture of health.


"Mortality is easy to measure because we have death records indicating when a person has died," Goldman said. "Overall health, on the other hand, is very complicated to measure but obviously very important for addressing health policy issues."


Two unexpected results emerged from Goldman and Todd's analysis. The first: physicians' ratings proved to be weak predictors of survival. "The physicians performed a medical exam equivalent to an annual physical exam, plus an abdominal ultrasound; they have specialized knowledge regarding health conditions," Goldman explained. "Given access to such information, we anticipated stronger, more accurate predictions of death," she said. "These results call into question previous studies' assumptions that physicians' 'objective health' ratings are superior to 'subjective' ratings provided by the survey participants themselves."


In a second surprising finding, the team found that interviewers' ratings were considerably more powerful for predicting mortality than self-ratings. This is likely, Goldman said, because interviewers considered respondents' movements, appearance and responsiveness in addition to the detailed health information gathered during the interviews. Also, Goldman posits, interviewer ratings are probably less affected by bias than self-reports.


"The 'self-rated health' question is religiously used by health researchers and social scientists, and, although it has been shown to predict mortality, it suffers from many biases. People use it because it's easy and simple," Goldman continued. "But the problem with self-rated health is that we have no idea what reference group the respondent is using when evaluating his or her own health. Different ethnic and racial groups respond differently as do varying socioeconomic groups. We need other simple ways to rate individual health instead of relying so heavily on self-rated health."


One way, Goldman suggests, is by including interviewer ratings in surveys along with self-ratings: "This is a straightforward and cost-free addition to a questionnaire that is likely to improve our measurement of health in any population," Goldman said.


###


The paper, "Do Interviewer and Physician Health Ratings Predict Mortality? A Comparison with Self-Rated Health," first appeared online in Epidemology in August 2013. The article also will be featured in the November print edition. The researchers thank colleagues at Princeton's Office of Population Research, Georgetown University and the Bureau of Health Promotion in the Taiwan Department of Health.


For more information on the Office of Population Research, click here.



Founded in 1930, the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University is a major international center of advanced training and research in public affairs. The Woodrow Wilson School is an institution with the energy and strength to tackle the most serious issues of the present day, and the vision and experience to prepare the leaders who will shape the public policies of the future.




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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.




Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-10/puww-hsm101713.php
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